How to Start Apollo Pharmacy Franchise Setup in India? Procedure Documents Licence

July 26, 2020January 24, 2019 by Renee

Apollo Pharmacy Franchise Setup in India :Apollo Pharmacy is a division of Chennai-based major healthcare Apollo Hospitals Enterprises Ltd. With India’s first and largest branded pharmacy network with more than 740 key locations outlets, it is accredited with International Quality Qualification offering genuine medicines with 24 hours of service. Apollo Pharmacy VP Atul Ahuja said it would add 250 outlets every year and that it has grown between 30 to 35 per cent every year. The company had a turnover of 1,150 cores in the last financial year. He mentioned that it is feasible to have home delivery of medicines, but the law of the land says that the dispensing of the medicines have to be done by the qualified pharmacists. He further said dispensing has become a critical aspect in the pharmacy retail chain business, which includes transportation, warehousing in proper cold environment and distribution, which are managed at the back end.

Why franchising Apollo Pharmacy?

Franchising is witnessing a consistent demand from the metros and other cities. If you are really interested to own this franchise, you have to gain insight into the franchise setup of the pharmacy. On one hand, as the owner of an independent business, you leverage your entrepreneurial capabilities while working with a nationally recognized brand like Apollo minimizes your risks. On the other hand, all the knowledge and expertise required to successfully run the business is ensured from the pharmacy end. The entire work of supply chain management right from procuring to warehousing and sale at outlets is done by an experienced pharmacist. Every business oriented person is aware of the great possibilities of facing problems in his career. In spite of knowing this, every businessman takes the risk because he has the courage that he can eventually resolve them and he also knows the rewards awaiting him after that. The bright side of working under the canopy of a large organization would be over-emphasized and is huge in India.

Franchise Benefits

The Apollo Pharmacy franchise has more to share about franchising considering some basic matters first before proceeding to the requirements. As a franchisee of Apollo Pharmacy, you definitely become the gainer. Check out how you can be?

The biggest benefit you are going to get while you own a pharmacy franchise is the great discount of the products from the wholesalers.
Better access to the newest technologies and access to approved new drugs, partnerships with the biomedical distributors and major medical and more exposure of your business through various advertising.
Being a part of Apollo Clinics network spreading across the Asian sub-continent, you will be able to offer world-class services without consuming your fortune.
You will have access to years of healthcare domain knowledge and expertise. You can achieve your business goals with the help of Apollo Pharmacy franchise’s essential guidelines and information about the pharmacy and anything about franchising also.

How do I get Apollo pharmacy franchise?

The very first step in the business process all franchising companies and franchisee take generally is, filling out the application forms and agreement. The most vital requirement is the financial investment along with the other qualifications. When it is fulfilled you can proceed to the final step which the training. It is done on hands and sometimes with orientation. The company is supposed to provide sufficient training to know everything inside and outside of the pharmacy.

Strategies you should implement as an Apollo pharmacy franchise

To any of the franchise, the Apollo Pharmacy is generous enough to share its core strategies on how to manage your pharmacy carefully. Usually, you will learn more about its strategies during your actual training. You have to implement those to really boom your setup but yes it’s also not that you really have to take every detail they share to you. The successful businessman doesn’t depend on everything to the strategy of the mother company and therefore you must also combine your own ways to keep your business expanding. Use and gather knowledge, detect your limitations and of the company as well your personal strengths and weaknesses to plan beforehand of every action you take. Remember that you will be opinionated judged still it is important to listen to your own voice as long as you are sure of the outcome no matter what others tell you.

Pharmacy Student Quotes – Proud to be Pharmacist Quotes

July 26, 2020December 24, 2018 by Renee

Pharmacy Student Quotes

Pharmacy student quotes are considered to be one of the finest and trickiest quotes out of all the others. It not only depicts the true nature of the profession but also the real agony, issues, concerned related deep within the core. It simplifies certainly aspect of the trade which does not surface but lives deep within. These are basically double meaning quotes which the student uses to portray their sentiments and bring out their piece of mind at a given juncture of life. There are thousands of pharmacy student quotes that can really have a deep inner meaning yet tricky.

These quotes often led us to few of the most concerning and targeted day to day features in relation to the use of drugs, medicines, hygiene and other aspects of life and the irony of how we accept each and every major aspects in relation to it. It teaches and gives social values and advices which we do not pay attention to but are quite evident. Some of the best pharmacy student quotes can simply convey a deep story within its core and a social message about what would be the right path to go forward.

Using pharmacy student quotes is a very much in fashion today and would certainly increase with the advent of time and demand, but the most important aspect in relation to it lies in its use and the best possible way to put into daily life. Quotes will simply remain as they are until and unless we know how and where to it in a proper way. Sometimes its usage and application can be really challenging and brings out the true and natural value of life on this planet to us. Pharmacy student quotes do have literary importance to us till date.

What Are The Causes Of Kidney Stones? Food Treatment Pain Relief for Kidney Stones

July 26, 2020October 8, 2018 by Renee

What Are The Causes Of Kidney Stones?

Today we are going to provide some essential information towards one of such problems that we find almost in every family history, i.e. kidney stones. Yes, it may not seem such a threat to you while reading or listening but it can lead to severe kidney complications including blockage of the ureter( kidney to the bladder passage) or any chronic kidney disease. A kidney stone causes Pain that changes as it shifts to a different location or increase in intensity as the stone moves through your urinary tract. Releasing kidney stones can be extremely painful at times. But the stones usually don’t harm permanently if they’re detected early. Until the stones move around within your kidney or pass into your ureter you may not experience severe pain in the side and back, below the ribs to the lower abdomen and groin, or on urination. Sometimes Nausea and vomiting occur and chilled fever if an infection is present.

Symptoms of Kidney Stones

Additionally, some other noticeable symptoms include:

Persistent need to urinate
Urinating more often than usual in small amounts
Pink, red or brown urine
Cloudy or foul-smelling urine
Severe pain in the side and back, below the ribs
Pain that spreads to the lower abdomen and groin
Pain that comes in waves and fluctuates in intensity
Pain on urination
Pink, red or brown urine
Cloudy or foul-smelling urine
Nausea and vomiting
Persistent urge to urinate
Urinating more often than usual
Fever and chills if an infection is present

What is Kidney Stone? Definition

Kidney stones have no definite, single cause to form. When the urine becomes concentrated the minerals crystallize and stick together to form stones. They can be as tiny as a grain of sand and pass unnoticed with the urine. The bigger sizes can block your urine flow and hurt a lot often being worse than childbirth. These crystalline structures can surprisingly grow to the size of a golf ball with sharp edges. The constant build-up of dissolved minerals on the inner lining of the kidneys results in Kidney stones. Usually, these consist of calcium oxalate yet may be composed of several other compounds.

Is it useful for us to know the types of kidney stones?

Indeed it is important to know as the risks vary accordingly the type of stones recognized. Calcium stones are the most common kidney stones usually in the form of calcium oxalate. High doses of vitamin D in the diet, metabolic disorders and even intestinal bypass surgery can increase the concentration of calcium or oxalate in urine. Calcium stones are associated with certain migraine headaches or with taking certain seizure medications and found as in the form of calcium phosphate. Another stone that forms in response to an infection may be a urinary tract infection is called as Struvite stones. These stones can grow quickly and become quite large, with few symptoms or little warning. Uric acid stones form in people those who have gout, who don’t drink enough fluids or who lose too much fluid, those who eat a high-protein diet. Cystine stones appear in people with a hereditary disorder where the kidneys excrete too much of certain amino acids (cystinuria).

How to Prevent Kidney Stones:

Several risk factors that cause Kidney stones:

What Are The Causes Of Kidney Stones? Food Treatment Pain Relief for Kidney Stones

Less Intake of Water

One of the leading causes of kidney stones is lack of water in the body. This is because lack of water is unable to dilute the uric acid, a component of urine that makes the urine more acidic. Make enough time to drink the recommended eight to ten glasses of water a day. Gulp down a citrus drink frequently. The citrate in lemons can prevent stones formation.

Diet Check

Sodium- It is present in table salt that can raise your chances of getting several types of kidney stones. So the next time, have a check on your salty snacks, canned foods, packaged meats, and other processed foods.

Animal protein- Excessive intake of red meat and shellfish raises the uric acid level in your body that makes a favourable environment for the stones to appear. On its accumulation in the joints swells gout and also the acid reaches the kidney to cause stones. Moreover, high protein raises calcium level and lowers the amount of citrate in urine, both of which support stones.

In these turbulent times of impurities in food what you eat has a big role to play. Oxalate is a chemical that is present in healthy foods and vegetables. If you have had calcium stones in the kidney and if you eat or drink calcium-rich foods at the same time your body handles the oxalate. Then oxalates from these two sources tend to bind in the gut instead of in the kidneys.

Gut Problems

People with inflammatory bowel disease like Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are very much vulnerable to stones and other kidney problem. Bowel problems bring you diarrhoea making you urinate less. Your body tends to absorb extra oxalate from the intestine that gets in your urine.

Obesity

Double the chance is likely there to get a kidney stone if you’re obese. When your body mass index is 30 or more you are obese. Extreme obesity is reduced with weight loss surgery yet the surgery itself can cause stones. Regular exercise and fitness programs are inevitable for improving health.

Questions for you & your Doctor when you feel you have Kidney Stones:

Do I have a kidney stone?
What size is my kidney stone?
Where is my kidney stone located?
What type of kidney stone do I have?
Will I need medication to treat my kidney stone?
Will I need surgery or another procedure to treat my kidney stone?
What’s the chance that I’ll develop another kidney stone?
How can I prevent kidney stones in the future?
I have these other health conditions. How can I best manage them together?
Do I need to follow any restrictions?
Should I see a specialist? If so, does insurance typically cover the services of a specialist?
Is there a generic alternative to the medicine you’re prescribing me?
Do you have any educational material that I can take with me? What websites do you recommend?
Do I need a follow-up visit?

Food Treatment Pain Relief for Kidney Stones

Foods that cause kidney stones

High-oxalate foods can cause kidney stones. Many plants contain oxalate, so it’s hard to avoid it entirely. But some foods have much more than others. Try to limit:

Spinach
Rhubarb
Almonds and cashews
Miso soup
Grits
Baked potatoes with skin
Beets
Cocoa powder
Okra
Bran cereals and shredded wheat cereals
French fries
Raspberries
Stevia sweeteners
Sweet potatoes
If you eat or drink calcium-rich foods at the same time, they can help your body handle oxalate without turning it into a kidney stone. So pair your spinach salad with low-fat cheese. Or mix nuts or berries into yogurt. Drinking milk does not cause kidney stones.

Kidney stones treatment

Do you want to know now how kidney stones are treated? Lets elaborate the answer. Treatment is tailored according to the type of stone. Urine can be strained and stones collected for evaluation.Drinking six to eight glasses of water a day increases urine flow. People who are dehydrated or have severe nausea and vomiting may need intravenous fluids.

Other treatment options include:

Medication
Pain relief may require narcotic medications. The presence of infection requires treatment with antibiotics. Other medications include:

allopurinol (Zyloprim) for uric acid stones
diuretics
sodium bicarbonate or sodium citrate
phosphorus solutions
ibuprofen (Advil)
acetaminophen (Tylenol)
naproxen sodium (Aleve)
Lithotripsy
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy uses sound waves to break up large stones so they can more easily pass down the ureters into your bladder. This procedure can be uncomfortable and may require light anesthesia. It can cause bruising on the abdomen and back and bleeding around the kidney and nearby organs.

Tunnel surgery (percutaneous nephrolithotomy)
Stones are removed through a small incision in your back. This procedure and may be needed when:

the stone causes obstruction and infection or is damaging the kidneys
the stone has grown too large to pass
pain can’t be controlled
Ureteroscopy
When a stone is stuck in the ureter or bladder, your doctor may use an instrument called a ureteroscope to remove it. A small wire with a camera attached is inserted into the urethra and passed into the bladder. The doctor then uses a small cage to snag the stone and remove it. The stone is then sent to the laboratory for analysis.

Other Medical Conditions

Some disorders in people encourage one or more types of kidney stones to exist. Certain genetic diseases like medullary sponge kidney, a birth defect that causes cysts to form in the kidneys. In Parathyroidism the parathyroid glands can pump out extra hormones increasing calcium levels in your blood resulting in stones. Type 2 diabetes makes the urine more acidic, which encourages stones. Gout helps in uric acid build up that releases in the blood and form crystals in the joints and the kidneys. These types of kidney stones tend to be large and very painful. Renal tubular acidosis causes too much acid to build up in the body.

Among the many causes, some can affect any part of your urinary tract — from your kidneys to your bladder accompanied with extreme pain. Based on your situation and urgency, you may need to decide medication or operation. It takes nothing more than to take pain medication and drink lots of water to pass a kidney stone. In other instances where stones blocking the urinary tract, are associated with urinary infection causing complications requiring a surgery. Hence, better late than never keep an eye on the kidney stones when you already know the causes of these harmful nuggets of the kidney.

Hope you find this content helpful in your awareness towards kidney stones.

Why Am I so Tired? Today’s Causes & Reasons of Fatigue || MEN WOMEN Tiredness

July 26, 2020September 27, 2018 by Renee

Why Am I so tired?

If you are feeling constantly tired all day around or waking up at the last possible second before heading towards work then you might wonder what is wrong. You would keep asking yourself why you are so tired but you are clueless but the actual answer is fatigue. More or less fatigue stands behind as the cause of all the tiredness we experience. As far as the medical conditions are concerned there can be mental fatigue as well as physical fatigue. Fatigue and a lack of energy are a big problem for many people, but these problems can only be addressed if you know the cause. Why Am I so Tired? Today’s Causes & Reasons of Fatigue || MEN WOMEN Tiredness will give you answer.

In this article lets make you clear on your doubts.

Why Am I So Tired Quiz?

Why Am I So Tired Lately Female?

Why Am I Always Tired And Have No Energy?

Why Am I So Tired Today?

Why Am I Always Tired And Cold?

I’m Always Tired And Have No Energy?

Always Sleepy No Matter How Much Sleep I Get?

Why Am I So Tired In The Morning?

Here are the possible reasons for tiredness:

Why Am I So Tired Lately Female?

Sleep Debt

To our surprise, it is one of the common reasons for feeling tired. You can feel it in many ways if you aren’t getting enough sleep at night. Many people due to their too busy schedules go through life feeling too stressed and do not get all of the sleep they need to feel refreshed. Getting under the recommended 8 hours of sleep especially if the debt builds each night is not only associated with fatigue, but also impaired performance, and a greater risk of accidents. Hence, a quality sleep is inevitable to subdue fatigue.

Why Am I So Tired In The Morning?

Static lifestyle

When tiredness sets in you only want to sit back and relax at your home without any activity. While keeping a healthy routine of Exercising can help to increase energy and reduce tiredness. Moving around may be the best thing you can do to re-energize and eradicate fatigue. Research by the University of Georgia (UGA) in Athens discovered that when sedentary individuals completed an exercise program regularly, their fatigue improved compared with those who did not. Various experts suggest that all adults need 2 hours and 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week and muscle-strengthening activities that work all the major muscle groups on 2 or more days per week. You can plan out your activity judiciously across the week for your wellness rather than spend time watching a movie.

Why Am I Always Tired And Have No Energy?

Medical conditions

Depression is an important cause of tiredness associated with a condition causing abnormalities by mood-regulating chemicals called neurotransmitters in the brain. Depressed people suffer from sleep disorders and energy level. They also have trouble waking up in the morning and sleep too long. Financial problems, relationship issues, major life events, and upheavals such as moving house, unemployment, and bereavement — the list of potential stressors is never-ending. In fight or flight situations the chemicals that our body produces are toxins that can’t be used up and, over time, can damage the health. Depression often makes people feel sluggish and apathetic.

Always Sleepy No Matter How Much Sleep I Get?

Anaemia lets your body either have a lower than the normal number of red blood cells or it doesn’t have enough haemoglobin. Haemoglobin is the substance responsible for carrying oxygen throughout your body. When you have not enough red blood cells or too little haemoglobin your body doesn’t get enough oxygen and you feel tired or weak. Iron deficiency alone, even without anaemia, is now thought to be a cause of chronic fatigue. Eating a healthy and balanced diet can make you feel the difference after adopting the habit.

Hypothyroidism is a disease where the thyroid gland does not function fully producing insufficient thyroid hormone. Thyroid hormones control your metabolism and when its levels are low, you may have symptoms of tiredness, weight gain, and feeling cold. Thyroid disease is very common, especially in women, and affects several millions of women. Moreover, hypothyroidism can mimic depression symptoms making the condition much confusing.

Why Am I Always Tired And Cold?

Hepatitis induces inflammation of the liver backing for several possible reasons from infections to obesity. Many important functions in the body from breaking down toxins into manufacturing proteins that control blood clotting, to metabolizing and storing carbohydrates, and much more is done with the liver. With the inflammation of the liver, these important processes gradually come to a halt. Your body functions when halted tiredness rules you.

Heart disease, especially in the case of heart failure patients tend to feel tired always and are unable to tolerate exercise. This is because the heart loses its capacity to pump oxygenated blood to muscles and other tissues in the body effectively. It would be difficult to even carry out your daily chores, like walking or carrying your groceries inside out.

Why Am I So Tired Today?

Diabetes is a condition in which either the body doesn’t make enough insulin hormone produced by the pancreas or it is unable to use it the way it should. Insulin helps glucose get into the body’s cells to be used for energy production. Diabetes may cause you to feel tired all the time due to various reasons.

A disorder characterized by intense fatigue that becomes a Chronic Fatigue Syndrome when it does not improve with rest and which worsen by physical or mental exertion. It is unknown what causes this condition.

Besides all these, we have a handful of reasons such as urinary tract infection, food intolerance, glandular fever, pregnancy, vitamin and mineral deficiencies that counts for feeling tired more than usual.

Diagnostic tests

The diagnosis is done with the help of tests to confirm the underlying cause(s) of tiredness. Starting with blood tests, urine tests, imaging scans, mental health questionnaires may be necessary depending on other symptoms. Tests can help rule out physical causes, such as an infection, hormonal problems, anaemia, liver problems, or kidney problems. If any imbalance is diagnosed it would need attention and treatment such as controlling diabetes. The physician probably starts with a sleep study to rule out a sleeping disorder. To practice good sleep hygiene we have to aim to go to bed and wake up at the same time each day, even on off days to maintain a consistent routine. The environment of sleep has to be dark and quiet with the bedroom temperature at a comfortable level of 60 to 67°F (as per The National Sleep Foundation). Avoid the light and sounds from screens of a mobile phone, a TV or computer as it stimulates brain activity affecting sleep quality at least an hour before sleeping. Complete dinner within 90 minutes before going to bed. As bedtime approaches, physically and mentally slow down. Listening to some soothing music or a warm bath would refresh you and clear your mind of stressful and worrying thoughts before going to sleep. Keeping a sleep diary may also help.

How to set up a Pharmaceutical company ? Starting Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry

July 26, 2020August 14, 2018 by Renee

How to set up a Pharmaceutical company?

For every ambitious pharmacy professional setting up a Pharmaceutical company is a dream project to them. Most of them haven’t start own pharmaceutical venture due to lack of knowledge and courage to start their pharmaceutical firm. If you have experience in the niche there is nothing better than this. In the backdrop of encouragement given by the Government of India to start-up businesses, it becomes relatively easy. Here we will try to help you to start your own pharmaceutical company. The two basic types of pharmaceutical companies are Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Company & Pharmaceutical Marketing Company. Based upon their marketing, sale and work basis irrespective of marketing and/or manufacturing type the company can fall under any categories of

Generic
Franchise
Pcd
Branded/Ethical
Speciality company e.g. Derma, ophthalmic, cardiac etc
Export or Import
OTC
Distribution

According to Experts, primarily there are five steps to start any pharmaceutical company.

Out of the five steps, the first three are mandatory to start.

Company Registration (in case of proprietorship you can skip this process)
Wholesale Drug License Obtain Drug License Number
Generate Goods and Service Tax Number
Get the trademark registered
FSSAI Registration (In case of selling Food and Dietary Supplements also)

Resources Requirements:

Well furnished Premises (Cemented floor and concrete roof, walls, etc)
Competent Person i.e. Pharmacist or Experience Person
Administration and Office Accessories
Electricity and Water Supply
Freeze and Air conditioner (optional)

Procedure and Sequence to proceed

Write a Business Plan and find a Company Name
Brand Names and Choice of molecules
Design of Company Logo and Printing/Promotional Material
Fix the infrastructure (place, premises and building) for setup
Fund generation (own, loan, investment etc)
Company Registration
Trade Mark Registration (Optional)
Wholesale Drug License (For both Marketing and Manufacturing Company)
Manufacturing License (For Manufacturing Company)
Goods and Service Tax Identification Number (GSTIN)
FSSAI License (If required)
Search for Vendors (For marketing Companies, Third Party/Contract Manufacturers or Loan license manufacturers. For Manufacturing Companies, Packing material suppliers, raw material & bulk drug suppliers and other requirements fulfillers)
Finalize Packaging and Packing, Design Material for medicines boxes, label, foils etc
Start manufacturing in the case of a manufacturing company
Place order to a manufacturer on basis of third-party manufacturing/ contract manufacturing/ Loan Licensing in case of a marketing company. When the products are ready to sell, initiate marketing and promoting products.

pharma marketing company registration, minimum investment to start a pharma company, cost of starting a pharmaceutical company in india, how much does it cost to start a pharmaceutical company in india, how to start a generic pharmaceutical company, how to start a pharmaceutical distribution company, pharma company registration procedure, startup pharmaceutical companies in india,

Important Steps in starting Pharmaceutical Company

Indulging in an established company/firm to gain experience in the pharmaceutical sector by serving them as an employee will give you some idea. Otherwise, opt for training according to your need if don’t have experience in the pharmaceutical sector. Location of Business is to be done prudently while searching for building/premises for office, licenses and stock. It may be rented or owned but there should be adequate space as per government norm. Get ready with the list of all molecule and combinations you want to manufacture and/or marketing. Be sure that your brand/molecule doesn’t duplicate any other company working in Market. You should try your best to choose a unique name for your firm though it may be tricky. Make sure you appoint Technical and competent staff who will take care the needful.

Healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors are showing a good growth, and starting pharmaceutical company could be a good choice as it seems that the future is bright. The process involves various steps. You need to gather resources and data from recognized and valid sources. The Internet makes the task much easier. Therefore, the early you start the business, the better it is.

How to Write a Pharmacy Progress Note ? When to Write ? Procedure ?

July 26, 2020August 8, 2018 by Renee

Hello readers. Today here we discuss about What is a Pharmacy Progress Note ? How to Write a Pharmacy Progress Note ? When to Write Pharmacy Progress Note ? Pharmacy Progress Note Procedure.

When to Write a Pharmacy Progress Note -Procedure

What is a Pharmacy Progress note?

When it comes to documentation of pharmacy services and whenever there is something to communicate to the entire medical team, note(s) is written in response to a formal consult in case of pain management, antibiotic monitoring, medication reconciliation, etc… E.g.: “Would consider changing Synthroid 10 mg po daily to 100 mcg po daily”

When to write a progress note?

There are 3 main ways to communicate with other members of the medical team. Not all communication is apt for a progress note. According to the urgency of the case, the communication types are chosen.

Progress notes (about the consultation/documentation process)
Sticky notes (or other communication not part of the medical record, helps build a relationship with the team.)
Verbal communication (in person or on the phone; if there is a grossly ridiculous issue going on)

How to write a pharmacy progress note?

Write to the point being brief– No one wants to read a long note with mostly ‘fluff’ in it. Physicians haveto read each note. If you can express what is needed in a single sentence, do it. If you suggest a pneumococcal vaccine, in the middle of a 3-page note the physician doesn’t read it, and the patient goes on to develop pneumonia. A physician’s mind is being sued when they are reading a lengthy progress note.
Use non-judgmental language– It is easy to be misinterpreted because you can’t use body-language or intonation to show that you are genuinely trying to help take better care of a patient, so make sure you avoid using judgmental language, such as the word “obviously” or the phrase “should have”. Use non-judgmental words like “consider”, “suppose” with your recommendation.
Prepare an alternative to SOAP – Physicians write SOAP (subjective, objective, assessment, plan) notes because the format lends itself well to problem-based care. TITRS (title, introduction, text, recommendation, and signature) format helps to find communicate the information such as:

The Title-Introduction reveals the basic questions “Who am I? My purpose? Who is/are the patient? Their needs”. Text must support your clear and complete recommendations with subjective & objective information. It should be followed by your signature and how you can be reached.

Decide prudently when to communicate verbally, or with a sticky note or a progress note. It can cost a patient’s life.

Hope you got the answers for What is a Pharmacy Progress Note ? How to Write a Pharmacy Progress Note ? When to Write Pharmacy Progress Note ? Pharmacy Progress Note Procedure ?

10 Basic Definitions Every Pharmacy Student Must Know – Pharmacology Notes – B Pharm D Pharm

July 26, 2020August 2, 2018 by Renee

Hello readers, Here today we present 10 Basic Definitions Every Pharmacy Student Must Know. This Pharmacology Notes will help all the B Pharm D Pharm Students.

1. Pharmacology:

Pharmacology is the study of interaction of drugs with living organisms. It also includes history, source, physicochemical properties, dosage forms, methods of administration, absorption, distribution mechanism of action, biotransformation, excretion, clinical uses and adverse effects of drugs.

2. Clinical Pharmacology:

It evaluate the pharmacological action of drug preferred route of administration and safe dosage range in human by clinical trails.

3. Drugs:

Drugs are chemicals that alter functions of living organisms. Drugs are generally given for the diagnosis, prevention, control or cure of disease.

4. Pharmacy:

It is the science of identification, selection, preservation, standardisation, compounding and dispensing of medical substances.

5. Pharmacodynamics:

The study of the biological and therapeutic effects of drugs (i.e, “what the drug does to the body”).

6. Pharmacokinetics:

Study of the absorption, distribution metabolism and excretion (ADME) of drugs (“i.e what the body does to the drug”).

7. Pharmacotherapeutics:

It deals with the proper selection and use of drugs for the prevention and treatment of disease.

8. Toxicology:

It’s the science of poisons. Many drugs in larger doses may act as poisons. Poisons are substances that cause harmful, dangerous or fatal symptoms in living substances.

9. Chemotherapy:

It’s the effect of drugs upon microorganisms, parasites and neoplastic cells living and multiplying in living organisms.

10. Pharmacopoeia:

An official code containing a selected list of the established drugs and medical preparations with descriptions of their physical properties and tests for their identity, purity and potency e.g. Indian Pharmacopoeia (I.P), British Pharmacopoeia(B.P).

Hello readers, hope you got these 10 Basic Definitions of Pharmacy . This Pharmacology Notes will help all the B Pharm D Pharm Students to get the basic idea of general pharma definitions.

Pharmacology Notes: PPT PDF – ANTICANCER DRUGS – What is Cancer? Types/ Causes

July 26, 2020July 9, 2018 by Renee

Pharmacology Notes

ANTICANCER DRUGS

Cancer cells have lost the normal regulatory mechanisms that control cell growth and multiplication.

What is Cancer?

• Cancer cell have lost their ability to differentiate (that means to specialize). Cancer refers to any one of a large number of diseases characterized by the development of abnormal cells that divide uncontrollably and have the ability to infiltrate and destroy normal body tissue. Cancer often has the ability to spread throughout your body.

Types of Cancer?

• Benign cancer cell stay at the same place
Malignant cancer cells invade new tissues to set up secondary tumors, a process known as metastasis

Causes of cancer

Common Causes of Cancer:

Smoking and Tobacco. Diet and Physical Activity. Sun and Other Types of Radiation. Viruses and Other Infections

• Chemicals causing cancer are called mutagens
• Cancer can be caused by chemicals, life style (smoking), and viruses

Gene mutations

A gene mutation can instruct a healthy cell to Allow rapid growth or Fail to stop uncontrolled cell growth or cells lose the controls (tumor suppressor genes) or even Make mistakes when repairing DNA errors

Definitions of cancer

genes that are related to cause cancer are called oncogenes.
Genes that become onogenic upon mutation are called protooncogenes.

General signs and symptoms of cancer

Unexplained weight loss
Fever
Fatigue
Pain
Skin changes
Darker looking skin (hyperpigmentation)
Yellowish skin and eyes (jaundice)
Reddened skin (erythema)
Itching (pruritis)
Excessive hair growth
Change in bowel habits or bladder function
Long-term constipation, diarrhea,
Sores that do not heal
White patches inside the mouth or white spots on the tongue
Unusual bleeding or discharge
Thickening or lump in the breast or other parts of the body
Indigestion or trouble swallowing
Recent change in a wart or mole or any new skin change
Nagging cough or hoarseness

Top 10 Anti Cancer Drugs

anti cancer drugs list ppt pharmacology

List of Anti cancer Drugs

ALKYLATING AGENTS:

BUSULFAN
CARMUSTINE (BCNU)
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE
DACARBAZINE
LOMUSTINE (CCNU)
MECHLORETHAMINE
MELPHALAN
THIOTEPA

NATURAL PRODUCTS

BLEOMYCIN
DACTINOMYCIN
DAUNORUBICIN
DOXORUBICIN
ETOPOSIDE (VP-16)
IRINOTECAN
MITOMYCIN C
PACLITAXEL
VINBLASTINE
VINCRISTINE

MISCELLANEOUS:

Angiostatin
AMSACRINE
L-asparaginase
Bortezomib
CARBOPLATIN
CISPLATIN
Erlotinib
Gefitinib
Hydroxyurea
Imatinib
Pentostatin
PROCARBAZINE
Thalidomide

ANTIMETABOLITES:

Azathioprine
5-fluorouracil
6-thioguanine
6-mecaptopurine
Cytarabine (ara-c)
Gemcitabine
Methotrexate

IMMUNOTHERAPY:

Alemtuzumab
Aminoglutethimide
Bevacizumab
Cetuximab
Cyclosporine
Dexamethasone
Edrecolomab
Gemtuzumab
Ibritumomab
Interferon α
Interleukin 2
Interleukin-12
Prednisone
Rituximab
Tacrolimus (fk506)
Tositumomab
Trastuzumab
Tumour necrosis factor α

HORMONES and RELATED AGENTS:

Aminoglutethimide
Anastrozole
Exemestane
Flutamide
Letrozole
Goserelin
Leuprolide
Letrozole
Tamoxifen

SUPPORTING AGENTS:

Allopurinol
Erythropoietin
Filgrastim
Interleukin 11
Leucovorin
MESNA
Sargramostim (GM-CSF)

anti cancer drugs ppt pdf notes b pharm m pharm medicos d pharm pharmacology

Pharmacology anti cancer drugs ppt pdf notes b pharm m pharm medicos d pharm

anti neoplastic anti cancer drugs ppt pdf notes b pharm m pharm medicos d pharm

Anticancer drugs pharmacology pdf anticancer drugs list pdf classification of anticancer drugs wikipedia anticancer drugs classification ppt classification of anticancer drugs with mechanism of action classification of anticancer agents anticancer drugs classification mnemonics top 10 anti cancer drugs.

What do Doctors want from Medical Representative? Med Rep Guide Trick

July 26, 2020June 30, 2018 by Renee

Are you a Med Rep? D you know What Doctors want from Medical Representative? Then just go through this article.

Doctors and medicines typically go hand in hand yet there is a bridge between the Pharmaceutical manufacturers and the medical field. A survey with a startling revelation came out of which indicated that 70% of Indian doctors from all major fields don’t like clinical interactions with Medical Reps. Some doctors even said that they have started to compare various molecules within their peers online.

This is because one of the major goals of the medical representatives is to be seen as a valued consultant by Doctors. The main purpose of M.R is to create awareness about the products, engage and build a relationship with doctors and effectively change the prescription behaviour of doctors in company’s favour, whereas Doctors have patient emergencies, full day schedules, with no direct access (mostly accessible through an office manager or receptionist). On the other hand, top performing Reps has an entrepreneurial mindset and they just pitch the new products and market the existing line.. Let us know the areas of concern are.

What do doctors want to get from medical representatives?

An effective drug.
Information concerning the drug.
An idea concerning drug price.
Available dosage forms.
Free samples.
Brochures
Conferences
Services
Goodwill

Reasons for Doctor not prescribing the MR’s product

No connection.
Not convinced with a product.
Previous trial failure of the drug.
His loyalty to other company
Negative opinion of you or your company
Unsuitable product to serve his needs.
Insufficient information concerning the drug.

Before any visit, Medical representative should know:

Customer profile and background
Detailed Product profile, all Drug information.
Doctor’s personal information, card, writing habits, class, the personality of the customer.
Updated info, Competitive products.
Persuade the doctor to recommend their product, and how it differs from other drugs.
Doctors care about their reputation with the linked affiliates/companies, so be professional.

Therefore the expectations of doctors towards Reps are raising high as they want a resource or a trusted adviser. This challenge has to be channelized where doctors can conveniently consume the information and the knowledge

Quality Control Executive Interview Questions & Answers QA + QC PDF – Pharma Company Job Interview

July 26, 2020May 31, 2018 by Renee

Quality Control Executive Interview Questions & Answers

The fact is very common and it was observed during research that on average 80% of candidates suffer from Interview Fear / Phobia. At the same time those who are able to overcome the fear of exposure, are certain to be successful in any case. Once you clear the Job Requirement, you have to jot down the probable questions and their answers i.e. what all an interviewer can ask you thus making your own interview study material. While doing this sought help from your friends and seniors who are in similar position or industry. If you practise this exercise seriously, you will be able to find out mostly asked questions and you are ready to prompt 80% of the interview correctly. Quality Control Executive jobs are offered for bachelor’s degree and B. Pharmacy fresher, as well as experienced persons, are eligible to apply.

In the pharmaceutical industry, usually, one should qualify the first round of exam for attending the face to face interview. It also depends on which pharmaceutical company you are applying for. It is very important to understand the job profile and what kind of individual is needed for that position. For that clarity, you have to identify your strengths and weaknesses. It is advisable not to enter into any kind of argument with Interviewer. Accept that the interviewer(s) have more experience, listen carefully to them and never argue to justify your point during the interview. Besides knowledge, organizations prefer to choose people who are honest and also flexible in their approach. Rigidity in approach may cost you your position as the business environment is changing very fast these days.

Before the interview closes, it is better to ask for feedback from interviewer irrespective of how your interview went. With this, the impact becomes Organization members feel that candidate has a seeking attitude and is willing to accept feedback resulting in a favorable impression about the candidate.

Quality Control Executive Interview Questions & Answers

Below some are given to have an idea of what sort of questions one may prepare.

Q/A

What is the difference between quality assurance and quality control?

Quality control is the process of identifying the defect and quality assurance is a process of improvement Quality control is reactive Action quality assurance is a protective action QC is a set of actions. Quality control takes CORRECTIVE ACTION during production,

Quality Assurance takes PREVENTIVE ACTION during development or after production (for completely prevention, if any defect arises)

What is the difference between Quality Assurance, Quality Control and Audit Function?

Quality assurance is a set of activities involved in the processes and Quality control is set of activities involved in product and audit function is nothing but the periodic inspection in the quality system.

What does 6 Sigma represent?

Six Sigma represents the six standard deviations from the mean toward the upper specification limit in a normally distributed sample where an average of 3.4 defects per million is reported to live.

Differentiate between product quality and process quality.

Product quality deals with the given specification of an individual product whereas the process quality deals with the process capability of the process that how much it can be effective to produce the quality products.

What is the maximum Acceptable Tolerance Limit for any product?

It is a TOLERANCE limit which is set by CONSUMER for acceptable any lot, parts, etc, generally within +/-5%

How do you track bug and report through Quality Control dept?

Tracking by sampling process, through
FIR (Final Inspection Report)
FOI (First off Approval Inspection Report)
Patrol Inspection Report

In Quality Assurance Plan & QC, what can be implemented to reduce rework in Acoustic Enclosure for manufacturing company?

Proper machine maintenance,
Consistent quality checks on the product,
Purchasing of quality raw materials,
Training and awareness of the operating procedure of the machine.

Quality Control Executive Interview Questions & Answers QA + QC PDF – Pharma Company Job Interview

When do we use a c-chart?

C chart is used when the item is too complex to analyse the product for confirming or not- confirming and subgroup size is same. It is used to monitor the number of defects per unit

What is meant by risk? How can you avoid the risks?

A risk is the possibility that an unfavourable event may occur. It may be predictable or unpredictable. A risk may have 3 components:

The event that could occur;
The probability that the event will occur;
The impact/consequences of the event that if it occurs.

One can avoid Risk by

Identifying the Risk, 2. Quantifying the risk i.e. by Risk identification & Risk Prioritization. 3. Risk Response Development 4.Risk Resolution & Risk Monitoring.

Here we have provided most commonly asked basic questions for the QCE pharmacy interview. There is no specific pattern/rule for asking the interview questions. As the level goes up the pattern also becomes changed for the particular cases where the candidate has worked in projects’ and sometimes they also may ask about the knowledge of the organization. It’s purely an interviewer choice. These interview related information of QC in pharmacy are based on some experienced interviewees suggestions. Hopefully, it would be of help!